Why is TPN used?

TPN may be used for any of the following reasons: 

• Babies with an immature gastrointestinal system or congenital malformations​

• Babies who have lost large sections on Small bowel due to complications of NEC and have Short Bowel Syndrome as a result. 

• Chronic prolonged bouts of diarrhoea or vomiting with a need for surgery, malnourished individuals to prepare them for major surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation treatment.

• Individuals in hyperbolic states, such as severe burns, trauma, multiple fractures have been recommended to give their bowel a rest due to disease, illness or medical condition.

• Showing signs of obstruction, not absorbing properly, or under a great deal of stress due to gastrointestinal fistula an (abnormal connection). 

• Individuals with paralyzed or non functional GI tract​

• Individuals with Short Bowel Syndrome and have very little bowel remaining to absorb enough or any nutrients to sustain a healthy balanced diet.​

•  Individuals who have had nothing by mouth (NPO) for seven days or longer​

• Critically ill patients​

• Individuals with AIDS or widespread infection (Sepsis)